Role of Outsourcing in Housekeeping Department Essay

Role of Outsourcing in Housekeeping Department - Essay Example Housekeeping activities that are increasing being outsourced these days involve gym, gardening, swimming pool, linen, laundry, carpet cleaning, curtain cleaning, window cleaning, marble polishing etc (Kim and Mi Kim). These activities are also discussed in the study text books. What actually is the surprising trend that is being followed in large chain of hotels is the outsourcing of more areas which includes floor cleaning, faà §ade cleaning, terrace cleaning and its maintenance, horticulture, pest control and entire compound including all offices. There are few reasons of outsourcing of housekeeping department that have been identified in an interview with Mr. Zubair Baweja, managing director, Hotel Regent Plaza Karachi, where he explained that the foremost reason in outsourcing area is to put more attention towards the main activities of the hotel business. Those areas in which management is not directly involved with the guests are outsourced to specialized firms which bring in more efficiency and effectiveness in housekeeping activities. The other reasons which caused the management of hotel to go for outsourcing is to eliminate the employee power in the hotel. The effect of unionization and other labour bodies are discouraged by the tool of outsourcing some areas of business. Moreover, the management avoids some high fixed costs which contain selection, recruitment, training and development and turnover costs which could have been incurred, had some departments not been outsourced.

Quality Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Quality Management - Essay Example (ISO, 2008) Total Quality Management is one approach which can be used to improve an enhance product quality. Dr. Edwards Demming came up with the idea of total quality management, and this idea was first adopted and implemented by the Japanese. Total Quality Management is continuously improving products and processes by focusing on quality at each stage of production. It tries to get it right the first time and not have any defects. There is an emphasis on ensuring that the customer is always satisfied as total quality management has a consumer comes first orientation and in this context the customer can be other people/departments in the same business that the task is being completed for, not just the final customer. (Stark, 1998) Enhancing efficiency eventually adds to quality products in terms of lower costs either in the form of less wastage or higher output per input. The business should keep a constant check of efficiency levels with the help of either factor productivity or labor productivity ratios.

SMS Advertising :: Business, Marketing

In past few years, SMS has a remarkable increasing involvement in marketing practice, it has been used with other traditional media, such as print advertising, television commercial or other broadcasting, to strengthen the efficiency of the campaign (Zhang and Mao, 2008). It was claimed that SMS itself enables to enlarge the campaign’s reach and effectiveness because of ability of interactive to create viral effect. Wohlfahrt (2002) explained that when receivers receive message, they then forward to further other people in their contact list, and it has been proven by Kroeber-Riel and Weinberg (2003) that those messages delivered by familiar senders were seen in more trustworthy than those sent from advertisers directly. In marketer’s perspective, messaging help increasing the rate of interaction from the receivers, because advertising with financial offers or promotion, will be sent to the consumers when they are actually shopping (Zoller et al, 2001). Plus, SMS itself allow the sender and receive interact immediately, so that mobile advertising will yield a direct and rapid response from the consumers (Boonmark, 2006). Moreover, mobile phones are ubiquity and convenience because they are very personal, and always kept within 1 meter of user’s body during the day time (Sirivastava 2004 and Haghirian et al., 2008). Therefore, SMS advertising allow marketer to reach consumers virtually any time and anywhere via their mobile devices (Boonmark, 2006). It helps marketer become closer to the consumer as mobile phone is communication which is a part of consumer’s daily lives (Forrester report, 2001). So that, information sent to mobile devices also tends to capture high attention from receivers because information is read completely and immediately after receipt. (Barwise and Strong 2002). SMS is also low cost medium compared to other type of direct marketing (e.g. telephone marketing, email marketing, direct mail) (Dickinder et al., 2004). SMS can capture tens of thousands consumer with a low budget compared (Leppanieni and Karjaluoto, 2005) There is variety of way which SMS has been used as a medium. Because SMS provide diversity of response capabilities such as message based responses, call based response, and mobile web landing page response (See Appendix D, MMA, 2009b), SMS is exercised to request for phone’s users engagement (Dickinder et al., 2004). To illustrate, SMS will be sent with the hyperlink allowing phone users to click to make a call (or click) to buy, to download, to vote, to contest or to win a prize. Boonmark’s studies (2006) found that messages were sent out with different kind of appeal, such as rewards, loves, and emotional appeal.

Pacific Northwest Settling Establishments Essay

Contact at trading posts had originally introduced the Native Americans to Christianity. The British Protestants and French-Canadian trappers who were mostly of Catholic faith did this. The trappers were impressed by Native religion and didn’t see any problem between Christianity and Native religion. Fur companies usually encouraged their men to get Native American wives and marry into the tribes to make trade relationships stronger. The Whitman established their mission with the Cayuse at Waiilatpu near Walla Walla. Spalding was assigned to convert the Nez Perce people and founded a mission at Lapwai, Idaho. This was one of the most successful missions. In 1838, two Catholic priests, Fathers Blanchet and Modesta Demers arrived at Fort Walla Walla to imagine the possibilities of beginning a Catholic mission in the area. According to historians the Roman Catholic missionaries were much more successful with the Native Americans. The Native Americans were convinced of the Missionaries tactics and customs from a few different ways. One of the ways that was used was that they didn’t promote immigration into the area. Their customs in church were interesting to the Native Americans and helped to encourage practicing their beliefs as well as the fact that mission sites were extensive. To help convert they didn’t emphasize changing the Native Americans’ culture, but instead promoted theirs to make the Natives want to change. Instead of requiring Native Americans to live on or close to the Missions, they traveled alongside with them. In some ways the Missionaries used reverse physiology to convince the Native Americans that their practices were better. The significance of having the missionaries approach and try to chance the Native Americans was very significant. If it weren’t significant, the Native Americans that were opposing Christianity wouldn’t have acted so forcefully, and so many conflicts would not have arose. To all Native Americans, the significance was of great impact whether thought to be positive or negative. It was also of great significance to the coarse of history. If the Missionary Era never occurred, things might be a lot different as far as religion goes for the 21st century.

The Great Divergence Essay - 2479 Words

Europe is given special consideration thus far in this class. What made Europe or European civilization unique in the perspective of some authors? It went from ‘marginal’ status to powerful region in a few hundred years. What did this process look like? Be sure to address this at the various levels (ideological, behavioral, institutional, material etc.). Are there reasons for this dominance that are more important than others? Looking back at the world in the past few hundred years, it would have been difficult to imagine that one day, majority of Western Europe would come to dominate the world in global economy (Landes, European Exceptionalism: A Different Path, 1998). Frank (2001) described the process of which the western society†¦show more content†¦In such environment, policies of scientific and social inactivity could stand because of tradition or culture. On the other hand, Europe was geographically set in reduced, closer, but with larger number of groups, surrounded and separated by small rivers and mountains, thus, governments that repressed economic and scientific development soon amended their errors or were out-done rapidly (Pomeranz, 2000). The early western world benefitted from revenues from trading European products to the Eastern countries (Pomeranz, 2000). High earnings obtained from trading with eastern countries and sales of slave established seven percent profit per annum, which is a â€Å"relatively high rate of return considering the high rate of depreciation on pre-industrial capital stocks, which limited the amount of savings and capital accumulation†, stated Pomeranz (2000). Many theories suggest that the Great Divergence occurred as a result of trade development from Europe to Asia, which later on became the main factor of the New World. As, Pomeranz (2000) stated, â€Å"the greatest significant advantage for Europe was the vast amount of fertile, uncultivated land in the North America which could be used to grow large quantities of farm products required to sustain European economic growth and allowed labour and land to be freed up in Europe for industrialization.† A great example of this i s how England saved approximately 23-25 million acres of agricultural space by importing goods suchShow MoreRelatedWhy did the Great Divergence Occur1384 Words   |  6 PagesThe Great Divergence is term used to portray the gradual shift of dominance that Europe gained by establishing itself as the most powerful world civilization by the 19th century. While a case could be made that the Great Divergence occurred because of the pre-eminence of Europe and Britain, as well as their supposed superiority in invention and innovation above anywhere else in the world, this argument is flawed. A more compelling argument would be to state that it was rather through the geographicalRead MoreThe Great Economic Divergence Between China And Europe796 Words   |  4 PagesThe great economic divergence between China and Europe has generated countless debates, and as various scholars unite to provide reasons for this phenomenon, numerous interesting theories are born. Among these views is the monu mental theory of history researcher and professor Kenneth Pomeranz. Pomeranz’s theory lists Europe’s convenient access to coal and the New World colonies as the chief reasons for its industrialization. However, many scholars, such as history professor Peter Coclanis , questionRead MoreThe Great Divergence Is An Enlightening And Critical Examination Of America1173 Words   |  5 Pages Renowned columnist Timothy Noah’s book, The Great Divergence, is an enlightening and critical examination of America’s ever-growing income inequality. Noah distinguishes his book from others of its kind by suggesting a number of surprising causal relationships among American income inequality and a number of unexpected variables. These variables include immigration, inability to fund higher education, tax loopholes for the top tenth of one percent of earners, and unequal government. AdditionallyRead MoreThe Great Divergence : China, Europe And The Making Of The Modern Worl d Economy Essay1726 Words   |  7 PagesIndustrial Revolution occur in England, in1800? Why did the consequent Great Divergence appear? The general answers are: the slow rate of technology advances; the survival of the richest which helps to transmit middle class consciousness; the differences in efficiency caused by labour quality. Thus, Clark considered the success of England more inclined to the culture aspect. Kenneth Pomeranz, the author of The Great Divergence: China, Europe and the Making of the Modern World Economy, belongs toRead MoreSummary Of Kenneth Pomeranzs Political Economy And Ecology On The Eve Of Industrialization827 Words   |  4 Pagesin relation to Great Britain around the 1800s. In his published book The Great Divergence, Pomeranz states that China and Great Britain were on similar trails leading towards the Industrial Revolution until a â€Å"Great Divergence† arose during the 1800s that sent these two emerging nations towards diverse routes. In his essay Pomeranz efficiently states how China and Great Britain developed differently due to the coal and colonies. Pomeranz argues how these two aspects assisted Great Britain in dodgingRead MoreA selective Annotated Bibliography on Convergence and Divergence1577 Words   |  7 PagesA selective Annotated Bibliography on Convergence and Divergence Theodore Levitt (1983). â€Å"The Globalization of Markets.† Harvard business review pg 92-102 The author asserts in this journal to understand the two vectors shape the world – technology and globalization. The first helps determine human preferences, the second, economic realities. The global companies systematically push these vectors toward their own convergence, offering everyone simultaneously high-quality, more or less standardizedRead MoreThe Factors Influencing Mnc s Ability1692 Words   |  7 Pages Critically evaluate the factors influencing MNC’s ability to transfer HR practices from one national context to another. †¢ globalization †¢ embeddedness of managerial models †¢ cultural convergence and divergence of HR practices †¢ institutions †¢ standardization of HR practices †¢ transfer is not a smooth sailing- why? identify reasons that influence MNC’s ability †¢ for examples: cultures differences (power distance, languages); social factors, political pressures; industrial characteristicsRead MoreWe Are Not The World By Greg Ip1341 Words   |  6 Pagesworld such as the election of President Donald Trump and his ideologies regarding to how â€Å"make America great again†, the situation of the crisis of the European Union and the raising protagonist of china in the international trade; leaves an uncertainty as to where the global economy is headed. Likewise, the main discussion is no longer between a left or right political spectrum, if not the divergence of ideologies being the nationalism and globalism the protagonists. This paper summarizes and analyzesRead MoreI Am Not One Standard Belief1307 Words   |  6 Pagesissue. Therefore, there needs to be a party that accepts change and new and fresh opinions on certain issues. My party name will relate with the definition of having multiple opinions on one or more subjects and develop i n different directions, divergence. The beliefs that my party holds are subject to change due to the opinions and ideas of others. This party’s ideas and beliefs can change over time. This is what makes my party so significantly different as the views of the people will be differentRead MoreGlobal Versus Regional Geographic Diversification Essay1546 Words   |  7 Pageshost region, in spite of a great cultural or institutional distance. consequently, regions definite politically may offer a different description in understanding the geographical behaviours of diversification of MNEs. Interestingly, as this argument arise due to the enlarged speed of globalization, it has reopened the argue on globalization and how inadequately it is understood. This lead to the next outstanding debate: whether we are witness the convergence or the divergence in corporate governance

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv ) - 1775 Words

Perinatal Transmission Adults are not the only population affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Children are also affected by this virus. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2013), in the United States, there is more than a 90% decline in children who are infected with HIV prenatally since the mid-1990s. This is due to HIV testing and preventive interventions. The most common route of HIV infection in children is through perinatal transmission. Perinatal transmission is when a mother passes the infection to her baby. This transmission is through labor and delivery, breastfeeding, or during pregnancy (CDC, 2013). In 2013, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention stated HIV perinatal†¦show more content†¦Breastfeeding In 2009, Mofenson et al (2009), stated the CDC criteria for laboratories to allow possible exclusion of the HIV infection at an early age is as such: A child who has not been breast-fed is presumed to be uninfected if he or she has no clinical or laboratory evidence of HIV infection and has two negative virologic tests both obtained at ≠¥2 weeks of age and one obtained at ≠¥4 weeks of age and no positive viralogic tests; or one negative virologic test at ≠¥8 weeks of age and no positive virologic tests; or one negative HIV-antibody test at ≠¥6 months of age. Definitive lack of infection is confirmed by two negative viral tests, both of which were obtained at ≠¥1 month of age and one of which was obtained at ≠¥4 months of age, or at least two negative HIV-antibody tests from separate specimens obtained at ≠¥6 months of age (Mofenson et al., 2009). Breastfeeding may or may not impact Virologic tests. It is an important decision for a HIV positive mother has to make for her infant. This decision can affect laboratory testing for these vulnerable children. There are other findings that suggest that when HIV-positive mothers exclusively breastfeed, it lowers the risk of postnatal transmission. In 2005, Iliff et al. stated when an infant 3 months of age born to an HIV-positive mother is introduced to animal milk and solid food before this age they are a greater risk of postnatal transmission. This transmission risk through postnatal

Hemingway vs. Fitzgerald - 1518 Words

Audrey Smith Colcleasure ACC English 3 14 February 11, 2011 The literary world of the 1920’s is often referred to as the â€Å"Lost Generation.† This was a time of hopelessness and heartache from the damages of the war which caused carelessness and lack of responsibility. Everyone was affected in some way and often could not handle the situation, usually turning to alcohol to relieve all problems. According to Gertrude Stein, the literary figures of the 1920’s â€Å"drank themselves to death†, especially two of the greatest writers of the 20th century, F. Scott Fitzgerald and Ernest Hemingway. Although both authors use alcohol as a â€Å"mask† or an escape to try and fill the void of hopelessness, Hemingway has a stronger emphasis on alcohol than†¦show more content†¦Alcohol is not always used for a good time, and most of his characters drink to get drunk for a variety of reasons. â€Å"Mike was a bad drunk. Brett was a good drunk. Bill was a good drunk. Cohn was never drunk. Mike was unpleasant a fter he passed a certain point† (152). Brett Ashley drinks to be extra friendly with the rich men of the town. Impotent Jake Barnes drinks because he knows he cannot physically be with Brett due to his injury from the war. He loses friendships and other relationships due to his hopeless love and loyalty for Brett who is having love affairs with many other men. Robert Cohn is the only character of the group that is not constantly drunk, but his affair with Brett makes him jealous enough to get drunk, fight his only friends Mike and Jake, and later on he fights Pedro Romero, a young bullfighter that Brett loves. Alcohol may seem like a good time for the characters in The Sun Also Rises, but the drinking and partying is really just a cover of the hopelessness and carelessness after the war. These problems hidden in his novel can also be revealed in his short stories. In the short story â€Å"The Three Day Blow,† Hemingway uses characters like Nick and Bill to show how alco hol is used as a mask to hide emotions and to relieve unpleasant memories. The story begins with the two men sitting around a fire talking about sports, fishing, and books, but then Bill mentions Nick’sShow MoreRelated Hemingway and Fitzgerald Essay1423 Words   |  6 PagesHemingway and Fitzgerald Ernest Hemingway and F. Scott Fitzgerald, the parties of one of the most famously infamous relationships in literary history met for the first time in late April 1925 at The Dingo Bar, a Paris hangout for the bohemian set. In his novel A Moveable Feast (published posthumously) Hemingway describes his first impressions of Fitzgerald: â€Å"The first time I ever met Scott Fitzgerald a very strange thing happened. Many strange things happened with Scott, but thisRead MoreA Hero And I Will Write You A Tragedy Essay1651 Words   |  7 Pageswrite you a tragedy,† a quote made famous by Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald. He was also known as F. Scott Fitzgerald, Scott, or Scotty. Fitzgerald was born in 1896, in St. Paul, Minnesota. His father who worked for Procter and Gamble moved the family from St. Paul to New York. They moved back and forth for years between Syracuse and Buffalo. In 1908 after Fitzgerald’s father loses his job the family moves back to St. Paul. Fitzgerald went to school in New Jersey where he attended Princeton. BecauseRead MoreThe Lost Generation Analysis920 Words   |  4 Pageslike Fitzgerald, T.S Eliot, and Ernest Hemingway. It was like a slap in the face and people didn’t see it coming, so there was a momentous time of shock. The Lost Generation was more than an accumulation of materialistic items that were being to gain popularity i.e cars it was a time period changed that completely changed people’s outlook on life. There are emotions in the books that could be instilled by outside sources or things that have happened in their lives. Take Ernest Hemingway, forRead More Christianity vs. Entrapment in OConnor Wise Blood Essay659 Words   |  3 PagesChristianity vs. Entrapment in OConnors Wise Blood      Ã‚  Ã‚   In The Cage of Matter: The World as Zoo in Flannery OConnors Wise Blood, William Rodney Allen addresses the reverse evolution of Enoch Emery and the inverted quest for salvation of Hazel Motes, suggesting a parallel between the two main characters of OConnors novel which reinforces its theme of the utter hopelessness of those who reject or mock Christ. Allen shows that OConnor describes the spiritually devoid charactersRead More`` A Good Man Is Hard, And Ha Jin s, Under The Red Flag1115 Words   |  5 PagesShort stories are seemingly a lost art amongst the literary community. Legendary writers such as Edgar Allen Poe, Flannery O’Connor, Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and many more have paved the way for writers such as Ha Jin and Phil Klay who write today. Now, although one could speak on the importance of each of these tremendous writers, the focus in paper will be on two writings being that of Flannery O’Connor’s, â€Å"A Good Man Is Har d To Find† and Ha Jin’s, â€Å"Under The Red Flag†. Now, eachRead MoreBrief Survey of American Literature3339 Words   |  14 PagesRevolution(1789—1799) Romantic vs. Neoclassic (1) Neoclassicism: - reason, order, elegant wit - rationalism of enlightenment in 18th-cent. Romanticism: - passion, emotion, natural beauty - imagination, mysticism, liberalism (freedom to express personal feelings) Romantic vs. Neoclassic (2) Innovation: - subjects: common life; the supernatural; the far away and the long ago - style: common language really used by men; poetic symbolism Romantic vs. Neoclassic(3) Good poetryRead MoreThe Modern Literary Era Shift From Romanticism Into Realism In The 20th Century2016 Words   |  9 Pageslives, lost their friends, lost their own identity, or were simply changed forever due the horrors they experienced while at war. Ultimately though, they produced arguable the greatest writing talent of the 20th century to include: Earnest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, James Joyce, and John Steinbeck among many others. These writers all became literary giants in their time and to this day we are still reading and analyzing their work. They had an amazing ability to capture the generation s melancholyRead MoreDifferences Between Northern and Southern Writers3020 Words   |  13 Pagespolitics, folkways, their sometimes bizarre behavior, and, obviously, the language, not just dialect but imaginative phrases, a sense that the writer’s love of language is the very air he or she breathes. Great writer such as; Wharton, James, Hemingway, Fitzgerald have come out of the North—New York, and the Midwest, but they did not set out to express the character and spirit of those regions. There is no Northern literature as such. There is no such thing as northerners, except in the minds of Southerners;Read MoreSAT Top 30 Essay Evidence18536 Words   |  75 Pages.............................................................. 9 Artists, Authors, and Musicians: Bob Dylan (â€Å"The Prophet of Rock and Roll†) .......................................................................................... 11 Ernest Hemingway (Troubled, brilliant author and war reporter) ............................................................ 13 Frank Lloyd Wright (America’s legendary architect) .............................................................................. 15 Napoleon